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For on this day he shall provide atonement for you to cleanse you; from all your sins before the Lord shall you be cleansed. (Leviticus 16:30) We say in the Yom Kippur prayers. "Regarding countries, it is said on this day which is destined for the sword and which for peace, which for hunger and which for abundance; and creatures are recalled on it to remember them for life and death". (Musaf prayer).
"On Rosh Hashanah will be inscribed and on Yom Kipur will be sealed how many will pass from the earth and how many will be created; who will live and who will die; who will die at his predestined time and who before his time..." (Nesane Tokef prayer).
This prayer is said on Rosh Hashanah and on Yom Kipper, what are the differences. On Rosh Hashanah we recite the prayer - God judges us, God then places the decision in an envelope. On Yom Kippur God seals that envelope.
This explains why the days between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur is a time for repentance, simply for the reason when Yom kipper arrives, Gods about to seal the coming years events. Which explains why we fast and pray the whole day.
When God judges a person, He doesn't simply weigh his sins and good-deeds on a scale. Rather, God judges the individual himself. What is he? What does he represent? Does he embody good or evil?
True, a person's essential being depends on his past actions; but he is actually judged for the gestalt of his being, the whole and not the parts.
God judges us, not because He wishes to punish us and see us get what we deserve, but because He believes in our ability to transcend our blockages.
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